On August 13, 1942, the 334th Quartermaster Depot Company was constituted as part of the National Army and activated on September 18, 1942, at Camp Campbell, Kentucky. On January 4, 1943, a detachment of the 334th QM Depot Co was sent to Fort Benning, Georgia, to undergo training at the Parachute School.
The 334th QM Depot Co was assigned to the 2nd Army on March 13, 1943. The company departed New York on May 1, 1943, aboard the *Thurston* and arrived in Algeria on June 2, 1943. It was later assigned to the I Armored Corps in Oran on June 26, 1943.
During the Italian Campaign, the 334th QM Depot Co was attached to the 7th Army as part of the Airborne Division from July 9, 1943, to July 21, 1944. The company earned campaign credits for Sicily, Naples-Foggia, and Rome-Arno. The 334th QM Depot Company also participated in Operation Dragoon, the Southern France Campaign, as part of the First Airborne Task Force.
The 334th remained in France and contributed to the Rhineland and Central Europe campaigns. It was inactivated on November 19, 1945, at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia.